Residential solar electric systems work by using solar panels, typically installed on rooftops, to capture sunlight. These panels have special cells called photovoltaic cells that convert sunlight into electricity. When sunlight hits the panels, it creates an electric current. This electricity starts as direct current (DC) and is then converted into the alternating current (AC) used in homes by a device called an inverter. The AC electricity can power household appliances directly or be sent back to the grid for credit, depending on how the system is set up. Overall, residential solar systems provide clean, renewable energy that can reduce or eliminate reliance on traditional grid power, leading to cost savings and environmental benefits for homeowners.